IMPACT OF STRESS ON PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN BODY USING GENERAL HOSPITAL SABON TASHA, KADUNA STATE AS A CASE STUDY

IMPACT OF STRESS ON PHYSIOLOGY OF HUMAN BODY USING GENERAL HOSPITAL SABON TASHA, KADUNA STATE AS A CASE STUDY

BACKGROUND OF THE STUDY

Any circumstance, whether it be physical or mental, that poses a stress to the body's ability to keep its homeostasis in a stable state is said to be stressful (Martini, Ober, Nath, Bartholomew & Petti, 2015). When defining stress, the biopsychosocial model distinguishes between three distinct aspects: the external element, the internal element, and the interaction between these two variables. These elements are as follows: The exterior component is comprised of elements that are present in the surrounding environment, while the internal component is made up of the physiological and biochemical elements that are present within the body. The term "stress response" refers to the series of physiological and mental reactions that occur in the body as a result of the interaction between the internal and external environments (The American Institute of Stress, 2018). In the next section, titled "Physiology of the Stress Response," a more in-depth discussion of this response will be provided.

Because it is such a pervasive problem in our culture, it is critical to have an understanding of the mechanisms behind why and how stress has such a detrimental impact on the lives of so many people. Every single human being will, at some point in their lives, feel stress in one form or another, and most likely on numerous occasions every day. The American Stress Institute identifies concerns over one's financial situation and one's place of employment as two of the most prevalent triggers of psychological stress. 62% of people report feeling stressed about their current financial stress, while 61% of people report feeling stressed about their current stress of employment (The American Institute of Stress, 2018). Although it is true that stress can have a negative lasting impact on many people who experience it, there are also some positive aspects to experiencing stress, because not all stressors are correlated with life-threatening situations. One of these positive aspects is the ability to learn and grow from stressful situations. The term "eustress" is the one most generally used to refer to this healthy kind of stress. A student, for instance, who is ready to take an exam could have high levels of both physical and mental arousal in association with the examination. However, this is the body's way of preparing people for a stressful circumstance, and ultimately, the stressful situation will most likely be addressed without any long-term repercussions on the physiological function or health of the individual. This occurs because the oncoming threat causes the body to become more alert.

STATEMENT OF THE PROBLEM

A research that was done on the effectiveness of the whole-brain network came to two results on the impacts that stress has on the brain: stress affects the functionality of the entire brain, and it also decreases the centrality of brain areas for emotional response (Wheelock, 2018). Frequent and chronic stress will force the heart to work harder than it should for a longer period of time, which may ultimately result in heart disease or other health concerns connected to the heart (The American Institute of Stress 2018). It is quite probable that a person will have lifetime issues with mental health conditions such as anxiety and depression if their physical and mental strength are continually eroded throughout the course of their life. The effects of persistent stress also has a weakening effect on the immune system, which makes a person more prone to contracting viral infections like the flu and the common cold (The American Institute of Stress, 2018). The major kind of stress that will be explored and evaluated for the purpose of gaining a more comprehensive understanding of how it influences the physiological functioning and heart health of people is psychological stress.

OBJECTIVES OF THE STUDY

The main objective of this study is to examine the impact of stress on physiology of human body. Other objectives of the study:

1. Find out whether stress can lead to human  brain functions complications
2. Determine whether stress has any negative impact on human memory
3. Find out whether stress has any negative impact on human cognition and learning abilities.
4. Determine whether stress has any negative impact on human Immune system functions
5. Determine whether stress has any negative impact on the cardiovascular system functions of the human body
6. Find out whether stress can lead to human gastrointestinal complications.

 RESEARCH OBJECTIVES

This study will answer the following questions:

1. Can stress lead to human  brain functions complications?
2. Does stress have any negative impact on human memory?
3. Does stress have any negative impact on human cognition and learning abilities?
4. Does stress has any negative impact on human body immune system functions?
5. Does stress have any negative impact on the cardiovascular system functions of the human body?
6. Can stress lead to human gastrointestinal complications?

SIGNIFICANCE OF THE STUDY

The study's relevance stems from the fact that its findings may be significant to the society in determining the most effective techniques for managing stress. The study's findings will assist people to know the effect of stress on the body’s functions.  Additionally, the study will assist researchers/students interested in conducting research on these timely concerns.

SCOPE OF THE STUDY

This study is focused on examining the impact of stress on physiology of human body. Specifically, this study is focused on find out whether stress can lead to human  brain functions complications, determining whether stress has any negative impact on human memory, finding out whether stress has any negative impact on human cognition and learning abilities, determining whether stress has any negative impact on human Immune system functions, determining whether stress has any negative impact on the cardiovascular system functions of the human body and finding out whether stress can lead to human gastrointestinal complications.

LIMITATIONS OF THE STUDY

In the course of carrying out this study, the researcher experienced some constraints, which included time constraints, financial constraints, language barriers, and the attitude of the respondents. However, the researcher were able to manage these just to ensure the success of this study.

Moreover, the case study method utilized in the study posed some challenges to the investigator including the possibility of biases and poor judgment of issues. However, the investigator relied on respect for the general principles of procedures, justice, fairness, objectivity in observation and recording, and weighing of evidence to overcome the challenges.

DEFINITION OF TERMS

Stress: A state of mental or emotional strain or tension resulting from adverse ordemanding circumstances.

Physiology: Physiology is the scientific study of functions and mechanisms in a living system. As a sub-discipline of biology, physiology focuses on how organisms, organ systems, individual organs, cells, and biomolecules carry out the chemical and physical functions in a living system.

 

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